Proctor is a strong and hardworking farmer, respected by those in Salem for his power and independence. As such, the play is not merely a play based on historically accurate events, but also an allegory of the disastrous consequences of McCarthyism. It was also published in 1953, at the height of the Second Red Scare, or the heightened fear of Communist influences in America. The Crucible is a four-act play, which presents a dramatised and partially fictionalised depiction of the 1692 Salem witch trials. In varying degrees, every work of literature reflects its historical context, or the social and political conditions that shaped its time period.

Not to mention, the anonymity of technology has enabled individuals to start modern-day witch hunts as a nameless, faceless user behind the comfort and security of their screens! Historical Context One could even say that the development of technology has made it easier for false allegations and social rumours to spread - leading to drastic consequences specific to the 21st century, such as the leaking of critical government information and cyberbullying. These are the fundamental ideas that the play is based upon, and also the elements which make The Crucible hugely relevant in our society today. These concepts will be fully unpacked later, but it is important to keep these key notions of hysteria, accusation and blind faith in mind as you study the text. Thus, given the historical context of the time, Miller uses The Crucible as an allegorical warning for the audience against the dangers of McCarthyism in 1950s America.

This resulted in a widespread fear of Communist influences, and a political hunt similar to the Salem witch trials began, as civilians attempted to escape their own charges by accusing other innocent individuals of treason. This was a political movement in which Senator Joseph McCarthy attempted to control the spread of Communism by placing any Communist sympathisers on a blacklist.

However, the play was written during another type of witch hunt: McCarthyism in 1950s America. Although partially fictionalised, it depicts the very real consequences of false accusations based on blind religious faith, as Miller displays the dangers of such baseless rumours. The Crucible, Arthur Miller’s 1953 realist play, is based on the historical events of the 1692 Salem witch hunts.

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